In the V training system, the peach trees have two scaffolds that grow at an angle of 30 o from the vertical axis (1 left and 1 right), while for the Y form, the 2 scaffolds’ angle should be around 60 o. The open vase is preferred to other training systems, especially in fields with moderate to steep slopes (in hillsides). In this system, the planting spacing is around 4.5 *2.5-3 m (up to 888 trees per hectare or 355 trees per acre).
The tree crown configuration must be completed in the minimum possible time and with minor operations. In the open center training system, each scaffold branch has two secondary branches (6-8 inches or 15-20 cm apart). During the second year, the efforts should be focused on maintaining the general shape (given in the first year) and developing the secondary branches.
Vertically grown limbs with strong growth should also be removed from the base. The farmer removes all things that grow downwards or to the center of the canopy. These main branches are selected during the first year and are cut back by one-half. The open vase consists of 4-5 main branches, formed at 20-27.5 inches (50-70 cm) above the ground and have a 60 to 80-degree angle with the trunk to facilitate mechanical harvesting. The open vase or open-centered system (or the delayed vase).The most common shapes of Peach crown-canopy are: The shape is critical and can affect the level of fruit yield, the quality of the products, and the harvesting or other farming activities in the orchard. Training includes all the prunings performed in young peach trees during their first and second year to shape them into the desired form (crown skeleton).
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